Shannon O’Neil
Senior Vice President & Maurice R. Greenberg Chair, Council on Foreign Relations | Author of The Globalization Myth | Global Trade, Supply Chains & Latin America Expert
Creator of the Embodied Conversational Agent | Dean's Professor, Carnegie Mellon University | PRAIRIE Institute Chair & Inria Researcher | EqualAI Co-Founder
The inventor of the Embodied Conversational Agent and a nine-time Davos speaker on artificial intelligence, Justine Cassell works at the intersection where AI research meets governance, education, and social impact. Her keynotes give senior audiences an evidence-based roadmap for the generative AI era: what these systems will reshape, where bias is built in, and how to design technology that amplifies human judgment rather than replacing it.
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Few researchers have shaped conversational AI as fundamentally as Justine Cassell. Across more than three decades she built the field from its foundations, moving from the study of human storytelling and gesture to engineering the first machines capable of a genuinely human-like exchange. As generative AI reshapes every sector, her research makes AI speaker Justine Cassell one of the most authoritative voices on what these systems can do, what they cannot, and how leaders should respond.
Cassell holds the Dean’s Professorship in Language Technologies at Carnegie Mellon University and is Director Emerita of its Human-Computer Interaction Institute. Since 2019 she has divided her time between Carnegie Mellon and Paris, where she holds a chair at the PRAIRIE Institute, France’s flagship interdisciplinary AI center, and is a senior researcher at Inria. Her work addresses the social dimensions of AI: how machines can earn trust, reduce bias, and amplify human capability rather than replace it.
Her signature contribution is the Embodied Conversational Agent (ECA), the first conversational agent with a body, combining speech, gesture, facial expression, and intonation to interact with people. The breakthrough opened new lines of research: virtual peers that help children with autism build social skills, AI tutors that raise literacy in underserved communities, and socially aware assistants that recognize rapport in real time. Her Socially Aware Robot Assistant (SARA) was the first working AI demonstration inside the Davos Congress Center.
Cassell’s influence reaches well beyond academia. She has advised governments across Europe, Asia, and the United States on digital and AI policy, including work with the Obama White House. She has been invited to speak on AI at the World Economic Forum in Davos nine times, and she co-founded EqualAI, the nonprofit dedicated to reducing bias in artificial intelligence systems.
Her honors include the MIT Edgerton Faculty Award, the Anita Borg Institute Women of Vision Award, and the National Academy of Sciences Henry and Bryna David Prize. She is a Fellow of the AAAS, the ACM, the Royal Society of Edinburgh, and, since 2025, the International Academy of Artificial Intelligence Sciences, and holds an honorary doctorate from the University of Edinburgh.
As a speaker, Justine Cassell offers what few AI commentators can: frontier research credentials, a record of building systems that work, and years of advising heads of state and corporate boards. Audiences at technology summits, strategy offsites, government convenings, and education conferences leave with a rigorous, evidence-based framework for the AI transition, and a clear sense of what to build, what to resist, and how to keep people at the center.
Generative AI is a remarkable learning partner: a tirelessly patient interlocutor that debates, challenges, and adapts to any audience. Yet it was engineered for engagement and fluency, not for accuracy or wisdom. Drawing on her work building the first multimodal conversational agent and her policy engagement on AI and democracy, Cassell exposes the hidden design choices behind mainstream AI systems and defines the critical-thinking skills, what she calls discernment, that leaders, educators, and citizens now need. Attendees leave with a practical framework for using generative AI to sharpen judgment instead of outsourcing it.
Most AI systems are built to be smart. Very few are built to be trusted. Cassell argues that the next competitive frontier is not raw capability but social intelligence: the ability of a system to read rapport, adapt in conversation, and bring out the best in the people it works with. Drawing on decades of research into Embodied Conversational Agents, peer-learning AI, and socially aware assistants, she shows leaders what human-centered AI design actually looks like, and why the organizations that get it right will pull ahead of those that do not.
AI systems do not absorb human values on their own; they absorb human data, with every inequity it contains. As co-founder of EqualAI and a longtime adviser to governments on digital policy, Cassell traces the sources of algorithmic bias across hiring, education, healthcare, and public services, and offers concrete strategies for building and buying AI responsibly. This is less a warning than an action plan: what organizations, policymakers, and technologists must do now so that AI widens opportunity rather than narrowing it.
Will AI and robotics eliminate jobs or reinvent them? Cassell brings a researcher's precision to the question that dominates every boardroom agenda. She separates the tasks machines will take over from the human capabilities that will grow more valuable, and points to the design choices that decide which future actually arrives. Grounded in her research on human-AI collaboration and her years of work with the World Economic Forum, this keynote gives executives a clear-eyed, evidence-based view of workforce strategy for the decade ahead.
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